A–Z of economic indicators

Canada CPI-common YoY is a core inflation measure that estimates the common, broad-based component of annual price growth across the Canadian CPI basket.

A monthly measure of changes in consumer prices paid by households in Brandenburg, Germany.

Canada CPI-median YoY is a Bank of Canada preferred core inflation measure showing the year-over-year change in the weighted median price movement within the CPI basket.

Canada's annual CPI change excluding eight volatile components and indirect-tax effects.

A monthly measure of changes in consumer prices in Hesse, expressed here against the previous month.

Portugal's headline monthly measure of changes in consumer prices.

A monthly measure of changes in consumer prices paid by households in Saxony, Germany.

A measure of Spain's annual underlying consumer inflation that excludes unprocessed food and energy products.

An early monthly gauge of annual consumer-price inflation in Tokyo’s wards.

A yearly measure of US consumer-price inflation excluding food and energy.

A core inflation measure that removes unusually large price changes from Australia’s Consumer Price Index before calculating the average movement.

An underlying-inflation measure that identifies the weighted midpoint of monthly price changes across Australia’s CPI basket.

Weighted Median CPI is an underlying-inflation measure that focuses on the price change affecting the middle of the household expenditure basket after components are ranked and weighted.

Canada CPI-trim Year-over-Year is a Bank of Canada preferred core inflation measure that excludes the most extreme CPI component price changes and tracks the annual pace of underlying inflation.

A Bank of England business-survey measure of the UK CPI inflation rate firms expect one year ahead.

A monthly euro-area inflation measure that removes tobacco prices from the consumer-price basket.

France's monthly measure of changes in consumer prices.

A monthly measure of how consumer prices in Germany changed from the previous month.

A monthly measure of changes in consumer prices in Greece, commonly followed through its year-on-year inflation rate.

Japan's commonly cited core inflation measure: the annual change in consumer prices excluding fresh food.

A monthly measure of changes in consumer prices in Germany's North Rhine-Westphalia state.

An early monthly estimate of changes in Portuguese consumer prices.

A flash estimate of annual underlying consumer-price inflation in Spain, excluding unprocessed food and energy products.

An annual underlying-inflation measure derived from Australia’s Consumer Price Index by excluding the most extreme component price movements.

An overview of Bosnia and Herzegovina's headline consumer inflation measure and its year-on-year reading.

Costa Rica's main monthly measure of changes in household consumer prices.

Finland's headline measure of the annual change in prices paid by households for a representative basket of consumer goods and services.

A monthly measure of changes in prices paid by households in Italy.

Japan’s headline consumer-inflation measure, showing how prices for a representative household basket have changed from a year earlier.

A measure of annual Japanese consumer-price inflation that removes fresh food and energy to focus on underlying price pressures.

The Seychelles Consumer Price Index tracks changes in the prices households pay for a basket of goods and services. Its year-on-year rate is a widely used measure of annual consumer inflation.

A monthly measure of how Tunisia's consumer-price index changed from the previous month.

Albania’s CPI inflation rate tracks changes in consumer prices using INSTAT’s Consumer Price Index. The release is watched for signals about purchasing power, monetary policy pressure and lek-denominated market expectations.

CPI measures the change in the price of a basket of goods and services bought by households, and it is the headline gauge of inflation. Core CPI strips out food and energy to show the underlying trend. Because central banks set interest rates to control inflation, a CPI surprise moves currencies quickly and is one of the highest-impact releases on the calendar.

Angola Inflation Rate MoM is the monthly change in Angola’s national consumer price index, a short-term measure of household price inflation.

Angola’s CPI annual inflation rate measures the year-over-year change in consumer prices using the National Consumer Price Index.

Armenia’s year-over-year consumer inflation rate, based on the national Consumer Price Index.

Bahrain's Consumer Price Index measures changes in the prices paid by households for a basket of consumer goods and services. Its year-on-year change is commonly described as the inflation rate.

Bangladesh’s CPI inflation rate tracks changes in household consumer prices and is a key gauge of domestic price pressure.

A monthly measure of changes in consumer prices paid by households in Bavaria.

A monthly measure of annual consumer-price inflation in Bavaria, published as an early regional German inflation indicator.

Belarus CPI inflation year-over-year tracks the annual change in consumer prices paid by households and is a key gauge of domestic price pressure.

A monthly measure of changes in prices paid by Belgian households, with the MoM reading showing the change from the previous month.

Botswana’s month-over-month inflation rate tracks the monthly change in consumer prices using the national Consumer Price Index.

Botswana’s CPI annual inflation rate measures the year-over-year change in consumer prices for goods and services purchased by households.

Bulgaria’s CPI inflation rate month-over-month measures the monthly change in household consumer prices and is the country’s national CPI-based measure of short-term inflation momentum.

Bulgaria’s year-over-year CPI inflation rate measures the annual change in consumer prices paid by households and is a key gauge of price pressure in the Bulgarian economy.

The year-on-year change in Cabo Verde's Consumer Price Index, measuring how consumer prices compare with the same month a year earlier.

Costa Rica’s annual headline consumer-inflation rate, based on the change in the Consumer Price Index from the same month a year earlier.

An early monthly estimate of changes in consumer prices in Croatia.

Croatia’s Consumer Price Index measures changes in the prices private households pay for goods and services. The year-on-year rate compares the latest month with the same month a year earlier.

Ecuador’s CPI annual inflation rate measures the year-over-year change in consumer prices paid by urban households, using the Consumer Price Index published by INEC.

Egypt’s year-over-year core inflation rate tracks the annual change in underlying consumer-price pressure after excluding selected volatile or regulated items from the headline CPI basket.

Egypt’s month-over-month inflation rate tracks the monthly change in the headline consumer price index published by CAPMAS.

Egypt's CPI annual inflation rate tracks the year-over-year change in headline consumer prices and is a key measure of household price pressure.

Ethiopia’s CPI inflation rate year-over-year measures the annual percentage change in consumer prices using the national Consumer Price Index.

Georgia Inflation Rate MoM tracks the monthly change in the consumer price index, showing short-term price momentum in the Georgian economy.

Georgia’s annual inflation rate measures the year-on-year change in consumer prices using the national consumer price index.

A monthly measure of annual consumer-price inflation in the German state of Hesse.

Iceland's Consumer Price Index measures monthly changes in the prices households pay for a representative basket of goods and services.

Iceland's annual inflation rate measures the percentage change in the Consumer Price Index from the same month a year earlier.

Indonesia’s year-over-year core inflation rate tracks the annual change in the core component of the consumer price index, offering a view of underlying price pressure beyond more volatile or administered items.

A monthly measure of how consumer prices in Kazakhstan changed compared with the previous month.

An annual measure of how consumer prices in Kazakhstan have changed from the same month a year earlier.

An annual measure of the change in Lebanon's Consumer Price Index.

Macau's monthly measure of changes in consumer prices paid by households.

Macau's Consumer Price Index measures changes in the prices households pay for goods and services. The year-on-year rate compares the Composite CPI with the same month one year earlier.

A monthly measure of the annual change in North Macedonia's headline Consumer Price Index.

An annual measure of changes in household consumer prices in Malawi.

The Mauritius Consumer Price Index tracks changes in the prices households pay for goods and services; its month-on-month change measures recent inflation momentum.

A monthly measure of the change in Mauritius consumer prices from the same month a year earlier.

An early fortnightly measure of annual consumer-price inflation in Mexico.

An early measure of changes in Mexican consumer prices over the first half of a month.

Moldova Inflation Rate MoM measures the monthly change in consumer prices using the Consumer Price Index.

Moldova's year-over-year inflation rate tracks the annual change in household consumer prices using the Consumer Price Index.

Mongolia's year-over-year inflation rate tracks the annual change in national consumer prices using the Consumer Price Index.

Pakistan's monthly CPI release measures changes in household consumer prices, including the month-on-month inflation rate.

Pakistan’s year-on-year CPI inflation rate compares the overall cost of a household consumption basket with its level in the same month one year earlier.

A year-on-year measure of changes in consumer prices in Paraguay.

Rwanda Inflation Rate MoM tracks the monthly change in the national Consumer Price Index and gives markets an early read on short-term price pressure in the Rwandan economy.

Rwanda’s CPI annual inflation rate shows how much the overall consumer price basket has changed from the same month a year earlier.

Tunisia's annual inflation rate shows the year-on-year change in the Consumer Price Index.

The U.S. Consumer Price Index tracks changes in prices paid by urban consumers and is a major gauge of U.S. inflation pressure.

Ukraine’s month-over-month inflation rate shows the latest monthly change in the Consumer Price Index for goods and services bought by households.

Ukraine’s year-over-year inflation rate shows the annual change in consumer prices measured by the Consumer Price Index.

A year-on-year measure of changes in Uruguay's consumer prices, based on the Consumer Price Index.

The Consumer Price Index is a monthly measure of changes in the prices consumers pay for a broad basket of goods and services.

A US inflation measure that excludes food and energy prices from the Consumer Price Index.

A monthly measure of underlying US consumer-price inflation that excludes food and energy.

A monthly measure of underlying US consumer-price inflation that excludes food and energy.

Zambia’s Consumer Price Index tracks changes in the prices households pay for goods and services; the monthly inflation reading compares the index with the previous month.

An annual measure of changes in the prices Zambian households pay for goods and services.

A monthly measure of changes in consumer prices in Baden-Württemberg, often watched as an early regional signal for German inflation.

The Consumer Price Index measures changes in the prices households pay for a basket of everyday goods and services.

A monthly measure of how consumer prices in Brandenburg have changed compared with the same month a year earlier.

A monthly measure of how prices paid by households in Cabo Verde have changed since the previous month.

A monthly measure of annual consumer-price changes for Italian blue- and white-collar households, excluding tobacco products.

A monthly measure of consumer-price inflation in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

An early estimate of the monthly change in prices paid by households in Spain.

12-month change in Norway's core inflation measure, CPI-ATE (adjusted for tax changes, excluding energy), published by Statistics Norway.

CPIF is Sweden’s principal inflation measure for monetary-policy purposes. It tracks consumer prices while holding the direct effect of changing mortgage interest rates constant.

CPIF is Sweden's consumer-price measure that holds the direct effect of mortgage-interest-rate changes constant.

Annual change in France's national consumer price index (IPC), published by INSEE as a provisional estimate and then a final figure.

Annual change in Germany's national consumer price index (VPI), published by Destatis as a flash estimate and then a final figure.

Monthly change in Ireland's national consumer price index, published by the CSO.

Annual change in Ireland's national consumer price index, published by the CSO.

Annual change in Italy's national consumer price index (NIC), published by Istat as a preliminary estimate and then a final figure.

Annual change in Portugal's national consumer price index (IPC), published by Statistics Portugal as a flash estimate and then a final figure.

Annual change in Saxony (Sachsen)'s state consumer price index, published by the Statistisches Landesamt des Freistaates Sachsen.

Annual change in Spain's national consumer price index (IPC), published by INE as an advance indicator and then a final figure.

12-month change in UK consumer prices excluding energy, food, alcohol and tobacco, published by the ONS.

Annual change in Baden-Württemberg's state consumer price index, published by the Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg.

Brazil IPCA-15 is an early monthly reading of consumer price inflation in Brazil. It tracks how prices paid by households change during a mid-month collection window rather than the full calendar month.

Annual change in South Africa's core consumer price index, published by Stats SA.

The Bank of Japan's quarterly assessment and projections for Japan's economic activity and prices.

Headline annual consumer-price inflation across the euro area, released first as a Flash estimate and later as a Final reading.

France's EU-comparable measure of consumer-price inflation.

IPC-Fipe Inflation MoM tracks monthly consumer price changes in São Paulo and is used as a timely local inflation gauge for Brazil.

Italy's EU-harmonised measure of monthly and annual consumer-price inflation.

PPI measures the change in prices that producers receive for their output, so it captures inflation earlier in the supply chain than CPI. Rising producer costs often feed through to consumer prices later, which is why traders treat PPI as a leading inflation signal. It moves markets less than CPI, but a large surprise still shifts interest-rate expectations.

Annual change in Belgium's national headline consumer price index, published by Statbel.

A quarterly national-accounts measure of price change across the goods and services included in GDP.

HICP annual inflation measures year-on-year consumer price changes using Europe’s comparable inflation index.

Annual change in the MAS core inflation measure (CPI excluding accommodation and private transport).

A monthly measure of euro-area underlying consumer-price inflation, excluding energy, food, alcohol and tobacco.

Georgia's HICP annual inflation rate measures the year-over-year change in a harmonised consumer-price index designed for international comparability.

A fortnightly reading of underlying consumer-price inflation in Mexico.