Economic Events

A Norwegian sovereign bond auction for the NOK-denominated NGB line maturing in June 2036.

A Treasury auction of Italian government bonds with around 10 years remaining to maturity.

A U.S. Treasury auction for securities maturing in roughly 10 years, watched for pricing and demand for longer-term government debt.

An auction of short-term German Treasury discount paper with about 11 months remaining to maturity.

A regular French Treasury bill auction used to fund the state at the short end of the euro yield curve.

A primary-market auction of short-dated Canadian federal government bonds, watched for demand, clearing yield and signals from the front end of the Canadian yield curve.

A Japanese Ministry of Finance sale of 20-year Japanese government bonds, watched as a gauge of demand for long-dated sovereign debt.

A scheduled sale of 20-year South Korean government bonds, watched for demand and long-term borrowing-cost signals.

An auction in which France sells a government bond scheduled to mature in 2029.

A Danish government bond auction in which the state issues a bond maturing in 2035 to raise funding from investors.

An auction of a European Union bond maturing in 2036, showing investor demand and the yield accepted on the sale.

A sale of French government bonds maturing in 2036, issued by Agence France Trésor.

A Swedish government bond auction in which Riksgälden sells Swedish central-government debt maturing in 2036.

An auction of a long-dated European Union bond due in 2040, conducted by the European Commission.

A French government-bond auction for the OAT maturing in 2046, showing the price and yield investors require to lend to France over a long horizon.

France sells short-term government debt that normally matures in approximately three months.

A Ministry of Finance auction of 30-year Japanese Government Bonds, watched for long-end JGB demand, funding costs, and signals from Japan’s yield curve.

A South Korean government bond auction for 30-year KTBs, watched for long-end won-rate demand and sovereign funding conditions.

A U.S. Treasury auction of 30-year inflation-protected securities that offers a snapshot of demand for long-term real-rate exposure.

A scheduled sale of roughly five-year Italian government bonds that offers a snapshot of sovereign borrowing costs and demand.

A scheduled competitive sale of five-year South Korean government bonds.

A Spanish Treasury bill auction that shows the yield and demand for six-month government funding.

ANZ Business Confidence shows whether New Zealand firms are generally optimistic or pessimistic about business conditions. The headline figure is usually a net balance, meaning the share expecting improvement minus the share expecting deterioration.

This is a weekly estimate of the change in U.S. crude oil inventories reported by the American Petroleum Institute. A positive number means stocks rose, while a negative number means stocks fell.

A Colombian public holiday observed for the Assumption of Mary, relevant to traders because it can affect COP liquidity, settlement and local market hours.

Ireland's August Bank Holiday is a public holiday on the first Monday in August that can affect local market operations and liquidity.

Australia Housing Credit MoM measures the monthly change in outstanding credit used for housing. It shows whether housing-related borrowing is expanding or slowing from one month to the next.

Australia Private Sector Credit tracks growth in credit provided to households and businesses by domestic financial institutions. The MoM version compares with the previous month, while the YoY version compares with the same month a year earlier.

The RBA meeting minutes are a written record of the central bank’s latest monetary policy discussion. They help explain why policymakers made their interest-rate decision and what risks they considered.

This is an auction of an Austrian Treasury Bill that matures on 2027-01-28. The auction result shows the price or yield at which Austria raised short-term euro funding for that bill.

This is an auction of short-term bills issued by the Republic of Austria. Investors bid for the bills, and the results show the government’s short-term funding cost and demand for the paper.

An auction of Belgium's long-term government bond maturing in 2045.

An auction through which Belgium issues OLO linear bonds, its benchmark-style sovereign debt instruments.

A maturity-specific auction of Belgium's government bond due in 2036.

The Belgium Medium Treasury Certificate Auction is a sale of short-term Belgian government bills in the middle maturity bucket of the Treasury Certificate calendar.

A scheduled sale of Belgium's shortest-dated Treasury Certificates, showing investor demand and the yield accepted on short-term government borrowing.

A quarterly survey asking professional market participants what they expect for the Canadian economy, interest rates and financial markets.

Bolivian Independence Day is a national public holiday observed on August 6, marking Bolivia’s declaration of independence in 1825.

Brazil Current Account shows the country’s balance with the rest of the world for trade, services, income and transfers. A deficit means Brazil paid more abroad on these items than it received during the period.

Brazil Foreign Direct Investment tracks net direct investment flows from foreign investors into Brazil. It covers longer-term investment links such as equity stakes, reinvested earnings and intercompany lending.

Brazil IPCA-15 is an early monthly reading of consumer price inflation in Brazil. It tracks how prices paid by households change during a mid-month collection window rather than the full calendar month.

Measures how prices are changing for commonly purchased food and non-food products in UK shops.

The Bundesbank Monthly Report is a regular publication from Germany’s central bank. It discusses economic, financial and monetary-policy topics relevant to Germany and the wider euro area.

A Government of Canada sale of 10-year nominal bonds that reveals the yield and demand achieved in the auction.

The Conference Board Consumer Confidence Index measures how U.S. consumers feel about current and future economic conditions. It is based on survey questions about business conditions, jobs and household income expectations.

A central bank manages monetary policy and supports the stability of a country or currency area’s financial system.

How speeches by the UK Chancellor can matter for sterling, gilts, and expectations for fiscal policy.

This is the Central Bank of Chile’s decision on its main interest rate. The rate influences borrowing costs across the Chilean economy and is used to help keep inflation near the bank’s target.

A qualitative Chinese policy event watched for signals on growth, fiscal support, monetary conditions and reform priorities.

China NBS General PMI is a broad survey indicator of overall business output across manufacturing and non-manufacturing activity. Readings above 50 generally suggest overall expansion, while readings below 50 suggest contraction.

China NBS Manufacturing PMI is an official survey measure of conditions in China’s manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 generally indicates expansion, while a reading below 50 indicates contraction.

China NBS Non-Manufacturing PMI is a survey-based measure of activity in China’s services and construction sectors. Readings above 50 generally signal expansion, while readings below 50 signal contraction.

Canada's Civic Holiday is an early-August holiday that can reduce local participation and affect Canadian market operations.

A Slovak state holiday observed on 1 September to mark the country’s constitution.

Correlation describes how closely two markets or currency pairs tend to move in relation to each other.

A Croatian public holiday on 5 August commemorating the 1995 Victory and Homeland Thanksgiving Day and the Day of Croatian Defenders.

This is a monthly Dallas Fed survey of service-sector businesses in Texas. It asks firms whether activity such as revenue, employment, prices and general business conditions improved, worsened or stayed the same from the prior month.

The Dallas Fed Services Revenues Index measures whether Texas service-sector firms report higher or lower revenue than in the previous month. It is a monthly regional survey of service businesses.

This is a public holiday marking the Democratic Republic of the Congo's independence from Belgium on 30 June 1960. It is not an economic data release.

This measures the share of Denmark’s labour force that is registered as unemployed. It is a monthly indicator of labour-market slack based on administrative registrations.

The ECB Forum on Central Banking is an annual European Central Bank conference, not a regular numeric data release. It brings central bankers, economists and market participants together to discuss monetary policy and major economic issues.

An economic calendar lists scheduled data releases and events that may affect financial markets.

Ecuador’s National Independence Day is observed on August 10 and is mainly relevant to traders as a holiday and market-schedule event.

A monthly EIA forecast report covering the near-term outlook for major U.S. and global energy markets.

This measures changes in the inflation-adjusted volume of sales by retail trade enterprises in Estonia. It shows whether households and other shoppers are buying more or fewer goods in real terms.

A scheduled sale of European Union bonds that reveals the price and yield at which investors are willing to fund the EU.

A European Commission auction of one-year EU-Bills, watched for short-term euro funding conditions and demand for EU supranational debt.

A Federal Reserve report that summarizes anecdotal economic conditions across the 12 US Federal Reserve Districts.

The FHFA House Price Index tracks changes in U.S. single-family home prices. It helps show whether home values are rising or falling across the country.

A Fiji public holiday for Prophet Mohammed's Birthday, also called Milad-un-Nabi.

This is a monthly estimate of how Finland’s overall economic output changed from a year earlier after adjusting for working-day effects. It is often watched as a timely proxy for the direction of GDP before fuller national accounts are available.

An auction of Republic of Finland Treasury Bills, which are short-term Finnish government debt securities.

An auction of France's euro-area inflation-linked government bond maturing in 2031.

A long-dated French government bond auction for the Green OAT maturing in June 2044, used by traders to gauge demand for French sovereign duration.

An auction of France’s euro-area inflation-linked government bond due in 2047.

A recurring French Treasury bill auction for short-term government funding with around six months to maturity.

This measures the number of people registered with France Travail as jobseekers. It is a stock measure, not a count of new layoffs in a single month.

This calendar item tracks the monthly change in people claiming unemployment-related benefits or registered as benefit claimants in France. It is usually reported in thousands of people.

A regular auction of approximately one-year French Treasury bills, showing the yield France pays and the demand investors show for short-term government debt.

A regular auction of French Treasury bills maturing in about six months.

An auction in which France sells medium- and long-term government bonds to investors.

An auction in which Germany sells a roughly 10-year Federal bond, known as a Bund, to finance government borrowing.

An auction of one-year German Treasury discount paper, used to gauge short-term German government borrowing costs and investor demand.

An auction of five-year German government notes, commonly called Bobls.

An auction of short-dated German federal Treasury discount paper with approximately six months left to maturity.

A regular auction of approximately 10-year German federal government bonds.

A German government auction of 10-year green Federal bonds, watched for euro-area rates signals and demand for green-labelled sovereign debt.

A German federal auction of roughly one-year Treasury discount paper, used by traders to gauge demand for short-dated German government debt and euro money-market conditions.

A German federal securities auction for two-year Schatz notes, a key benchmark for the front end of the euro-area yield curve.

A German federal short-term debt auction for Treasury discount paper with about three months remaining to maturity.

German Finance Agency conventional 30-year Federal bond (Bund) auction — average yield

An auction of German Treasury discount paper with about five months left until maturity.

An auction of five-year German government notes that provides a snapshot of demand and borrowing costs in a key euro-area bond market.

An auction of short-term German Treasury discount paper with about nine months remaining to maturity.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country over a set period.

A Hungarian government auction of one-year discount Treasury bills, watched for short-term HUF funding conditions and demand for Hungarian sovereign debt.

This is an auction of short-term Hungarian government bills that mature in about three months. The bills are sold below face value, and the difference implies the yield investors earn.

An auction of Hungarian forint-denominated government bonds with an approximately three-year maturity, used to fund the state and reveal investor demand at the short-to-intermediate part of Hungary's yield curve.

A regular auction of HUF-denominated Hungarian government bonds with an approximately five-year maturity, used to gauge sovereign funding conditions and investor demand.

Iceland Commerce Day is a public holiday that can affect local banking hours, settlement and liquidity in Icelandic markets.

A yearly global policy gathering that can generate market-relevant speeches, forecasts and financial-stability headlines.

A UK Debt Management Office sale of inflation-linked government debt maturing in 2049.

India Manufacturing Production YoY shows how much manufacturing output changed compared with the same month a year earlier. It is a gauge of factory-sector momentum in India.

Arbaeen is an Iranian public holiday observed according to the Islamic calendar, with market relevance mainly through closures, settlement timing and local liquidity conditions.

A regular auction in which Italy sells one-year Treasury bills, providing a snapshot of short-term sovereign borrowing costs and investor demand.

This is an auction of short-maturity Italian government bonds. It shows the yield or price Italy pays to borrow for roughly two years.

Italian Treasury 3-year BTP auction — gross yield

An auction of six-month Italian Treasury bills that offers a snapshot of Italy's short-term government funding conditions and investor demand.

This is an auction of Italian government bonds around the 7-year part of the yield curve. It shows investor demand and the borrowing cost Italy faces at that maturity.

This is an auction of Italian government bonds whose principal is linked to euro-area inflation. It shows how much Italy raises from these inflation-protected bonds and at what market yield or price.

A Ministry of Finance auction of 10-year Japanese government climate-transition bonds, with results that show the yield accepted and investor demand.

An auction of benchmark 10-year Japanese government bonds conducted by Japan’s Ministry of Finance, watched for signals about demand for long-term yen debt and Japanese yield levels.

This is an auction where Japan sells 2-year government bonds to investors. The result shows the price, yield and demand for newly issued short-maturity Japanese government debt.

Japan Ministry of Finance 3-month Treasury Discount Bill auction — yield at the average price

A Ministry of Finance auction of five-year Japanese Government Bonds, watched for demand, clearing yield levels, and signals from the middle of Japan’s yield curve.

This reports how the value of new construction orders received by major Japanese construction companies changed from the same month a year earlier. It gives a quick view of demand for building and infrastructure work.

This indicator measures how the number of new homes started in Japan changed compared with the same month a year earlier. It helps show whether residential construction activity is expanding or slowing.

Kadooment Day is a Barbados bank holiday linked to Crop Over and can affect local banking and market operations.

King Vajiralongkorn's Birthday is a Thai public and financial-institution holiday observed on July 28. Banks, government offices and some markets may close or operate with reduced activity.

Kuwait M2 Money Supply YoY measures how much broad money in Kuwait has changed compared with a year earlier. It captures money readily available in the economy, including narrow money and quasi-money.

Kuwait Private Bank Lending YoY tracks how much lending to the private sector has grown compared with a year earlier. It is a credit-growth indicator for households and businesses in Kuwait.

This is the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic's decision on its main policy interest rate. The rate influences short-term borrowing costs and the stance of monetary policy in Kyrgyzstan.

A public holiday observed in several countries, including the United States and Canada, that can close or shorten market sessions and thin out liquidity.

Leverage allows a trader to control a larger forex position with a smaller amount of deposited capital.

Lithuania Industrial Production MoM shows how industrial output changed from the previous month. It is a short-term signal of activity in factories, mining, utilities, and related industrial sectors.

Belgium's auction of longer-maturity Treasury Certificates, typically used to assess demand and yields for short-term Belgian government bills.

Malaysia PPI YoY shows how producer-level prices changed compared with the same month a year earlier. It is an early measure of price pressure before goods reach consumers.

A market gap is a jump between one traded price and the next, leaving no prices quoted in between.

The MAS 36-Week Bill Auction is a Singapore-dollar money-market auction that helps investors gauge short-term funding conditions and demand for MAS bills.

A Moroccan national public holiday on 30 July marking King Mohammed VI's accession to the throne.

An annual Moroccan public holiday observed on 21 August.

This is an auction of short-term New Zealand government debt that matures in about one year. The auction yield shows how much investors require to lend to the New Zealand Crown for that maturity.

This is an auction of short-term New Zealand government debt that matures in about three months. Investors bid for the bills, and the resulting yield shows the price the government pays to borrow over that short period.

This is an auction where New Zealand sells short-term Treasury bills with an around six-month maturity. The result shows the yield investors accepted and how much demand there was for the bill issue.

News trading is market activity based on the expected or actual impact of economic, political or financial news.

This event reports the National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia's decision on its key monetary policy rate. The decision affects borrowing conditions in Macedonian denar markets and signals the central bank's view on inflation and financial stability.

This measures how producer prices in North Macedonia have changed compared with the same month a year earlier. It shows price pressure faced by producers before goods and services reach consumers.

An auction of Norway's government bond maturing in May 2039, managed through Norges Bank's government debt operations.

A scheduled sale of Norwegian government bonds that provides information about government-debt demand and market borrowing yields.

A monthly OPEC publication reviewing global oil-market conditions and updating its outlook for supply, demand and market balances.

Peru Independence Day is a national holiday marking the proclamation of Peru’s independence. Economic calendars list it because banks, public offices and some local-market activity may be closed or operate on holiday schedules.

Philippines Balance of Trade shows the difference between the value of goods the country exports and the value of goods it imports. A positive number is a trade surplus, while a negative number is a trade deficit.

Philippines Exports YoY measures how the value of goods exported by the Philippines changed compared with the same month a year earlier. It is usually shown as a percentage increase or decrease.

Philippines Imports YoY shows how the value of goods imported into the Philippines changed compared with the same month a year earlier. It helps show whether demand for foreign goods, fuel, electronics, capital equipment, and other imports is rising or falling.

Philippines PPI YoY measures how prices charged by domestic manufacturers changed compared with the same month a year earlier. It is an early gauge of price pressure before goods reach consumers.

Position sizing is the process of determining how much of a currency pair a trader holds in a trade.

Shows how much lending by banks to private businesses and households has changed compared with one year earlier.

A scheduled sale of Austrian government bonds conducted by the Austrian Treasury.

This event is a public speech by Michele Bullock, Governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia. Traders follow it for clues about the RBA's view on inflation, growth, employment and interest rates.

Retail sales measure consumer spending on goods sold by retailers over a stated period.

The Richmond Fed Manufacturing Index is a monthly gauge of factory activity in the Fifth Federal Reserve District. It summarizes whether surveyed manufacturers report improving or worsening conditions compared with the prior month.

The Richmond Fed Manufacturing Shipments Index tracks whether manufacturers in the Fifth District are shipping more or less than in the previous month. It is one component of the Richmond Fed manufacturing survey.

The Richmond Fed Services Revenues Index tracks whether service-sector firms in the Fifth District report higher or lower revenues than in the previous month. It is a monthly survey-based measure of regional non-manufacturing activity.

The S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Index tracks changes in U.S. home prices. It is widely followed as a measure of whether residential real estate prices are rising or falling nationally and in major cities.

An auction result for six-month Singapore government Treasury bills.

The MAS 12-Week Bill Auction reports the auction outcome for short-term Singapore dollar bills issued by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. It shows market demand and yield levels for the 12-week tenor.

The MAS 4-Week Bill Auction reports the auction outcome for very short-term Singapore dollar bills issued by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. It gives a snapshot of demand and yield levels for the 4-week tenor.

A government sells short-term debt that matures in approximately six months.

Slippage is the difference between the expected price of an order and the price at which it is executed.

A short-term South African government debt auction for 182-day Treasury bills, watched for yield, demand and money-market conditions.

This is the monthly change in South Africa’s composite leading business cycle indicator. It combines forward-looking signals that tend to move before the broader economy changes direction.

An annual South African public holiday commemorating the 9 August 1956 women’s march against pass laws, relevant to traders mainly because of local market, banking and settlement schedules.

This is an auction of South African government fixed-rate bonds that mature in 2038. The reported result is commonly watched through the clearing yield and the strength of investor demand.

This is an auction of South African government fixed-rate bonds that mature in 2040. The calendar figure usually highlights the yield at which the Treasury was able to sell the bond.

The South Africa R2042 auction is a National Treasury sale of a long-dated rand fixed-rate government bond maturing in 2042.

A South African government bond auction for the R2044 fixed-rate bond, used to gauge long-end rand bond demand and sovereign funding conditions.

This is South Africa’s regular auction of rand-denominated government bonds. It shows how much debt is sold and the yields investors require to lend to the government.

A Korean government bond auction for 10-year Korea Treasury Bonds, watched for signals on long-term interest rates, sovereign-debt demand and KRW market conditions.

A primary-market auction of two-year Korea Treasury Bonds, watched for won-rate expectations and demand for Korean government debt.

A Korean government bond auction for three-year KTBs, a key maturity for won interest-rate markets.

This is an auction where South Korea sells 30-year government bonds to investors. The result shows the yield paid by the government and how much demand there was for the bonds.

A sale of 50-year Korea Treasury Bonds that gives traders a read on demand for ultra-long Korean government debt and the long end of the KRW yield curve.

A Spanish Treasury auction of 10-year government bonds, watched for sovereign funding costs, investor demand and euro-area bond-market sentiment.

A Spanish Treasury auction of 12-month bills, used to assess short-term sovereign funding conditions and demand for euro-denominated Spanish debt.

An auction of medium-term Spanish government bonds issued by the Treasury, watched for sovereign funding conditions and demand for Spanish debt.

A Spanish Treasury auction of a roughly seven-year government bond, watched for sovereign-debt demand, auction yield, and euro-area rates sentiment.

A scheduled Spanish Treasury auction of coupon-bearing medium- and long-term government debt.

This is Spain’s unemployment rate from the quarterly Labour Force Survey. It shows the share of the labour force that is unemployed during the survey period.

A regular sale of Spanish government bills that mature in roughly three months.

A Spanish Treasury auction of government bonds with a maturity of about three years.

The spread is the difference between a currency pair’s bid price and ask price.

An auction of Sweden's inflation-linked government bond maturing in 2036.

Sweden’s Balance of Trade shows the value of exports minus imports of goods. A positive number is a trade surplus, while a negative number is a trade deficit.

A scheduled sale of short-term Swedish government debt that provides auction-based information on demand and short-term funding yields.

A scheduled sale of Swedish central-government bonds that provides information about demand for government debt and prevailing funding conditions.

This indicator measures how Thailand's industrial output changed compared with the same month a year earlier. It gives a quick view of whether factories and industrial sectors are producing more or less than before.

A trading plan is a written framework that defines how a trader approaches markets, manages risk and reviews decisions.

U.S. Treasury 10-year Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities auction — high real yield

U.S. Treasury 13-week bill auction — high discount rate

A Treasury auction that sets the market yield and price for newly issued two-year U.S. government notes.

U.S. Treasury 26-week bill auction — high discount rate

A monthly U.S. Treasury debt sale that reveals the market-clearing yield, price and investor demand for three-year notes.

A U.S. Treasury auction of long-term government bonds, watched for demand for duration and its impact on Treasury yields and broader financial conditions.

U.S. Treasury 5-year note auction — high yield

This event reports the results of a U.S. Treasury auction for very short-term government bills that mature in about six weeks. The most watched figure is usually the auction yield or rate at which the bills were sold.

This event reports the results of a U.S. Treasury auction for government notes with a seven-year maturity. The headline figure on calendars is usually the yield awarded at the auction.

ADP Weekly Employment Change is a high-frequency estimate of U.S. private-sector job growth. It gives an early read on whether private employers are adding or cutting jobs.

The U.S. Advance Goods Trade Balance shows the difference between the value of goods the United States exports and imports for a month. A negative number means the country imported more goods than it exported.

This measures the monthly change in the value of inventories held by U.S. retailers, excluding motor vehicle and parts dealers. It helps show whether retailers are building or drawing down stock outside the volatile auto sector.

This is the Federal Reserve's monthly update on the amount of money in the U.S. economy. It focuses on measures such as M1 and M2, which include cash, checking deposits and other liquid deposits.

Redbook YoY is a weekly gauge of U.S. retail sales growth compared with the same period a year earlier. It is produced by Redbook Research and focuses on same-store sales trends at large retailers.

U.S. Wholesale Inventories MoM measures the monthly change in goods held in stock by merchant wholesalers. It shows whether wholesalers are building or drawing down inventories.

This refers to a UK government bond operation involving conventional gilts. Conventional gilts are nominal, fixed-income UK government bonds, unlike index-linked gilts whose cash flows are linked to inflation.

A Treasury Gilt 2040 Tender is a sale of a UK government bond maturing in 2040. Investors bid for the gilt, and the result shows how much was sold and at what prices or yields.

A regular U.S. Treasury sale of 20-year bonds that offers a read on demand for long-dated government debt.