A–Z of economic indicators

A monthly survey indicator tracking whether South African manufacturing conditions are improving or weakening.

ADP Employment Change is a private estimate of changes in U.S. private-sector jobs based on payroll data from ADP.

A monthly, payroll-data-based measure of changes in US private-sector employment.

A monthly survey-based gauge of whether activity in Australian industrial sectors is expanding or contracting.

Albania Balance of Trade measures the difference between the value of Albania’s goods exports and goods imports.

A monthly measure of Albania’s consumer-price inflation compared with the same month a year earlier, based on the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices.

Albania’s CPI inflation rate tracks changes in consumer prices using INSTAT’s Consumer Price Index. The release is watched for signals about purchasing power, monetary policy pressure and lek-denominated market expectations.

The Bank of Albania’s scheduled decision on its key monetary policy rate and accompanying policy communication.

Angola Inflation Rate MoM is the monthly change in Angola’s national consumer price index, a short-term measure of household price inflation.

Angola’s CPI annual inflation rate measures the year-over-year change in consumer prices using the National Consumer Price Index.

ANZ Business Confidence shows whether New Zealand firms are generally optimistic or pessimistic about business conditions. The headline figure is usually a net balance, meaning the share expecting improvement minus the share expecting deterioration.

A monthly gauge of New Zealand household sentiment and willingness to spend.

A monthly percentage-change measure of Australian job advertisements, used as an early gauge of labour demand.

This is a weekly estimate of the change in U.S. crude oil inventories reported by the American Petroleum Institute. A positive number means stocks rose, while a negative number means stocks fell.

A weekly estimate of the change in U.S. commercial crude oil inventories, published by the American Petroleum Institute.

A monthly Armenian indicator that provides a timely broad view of changes in economic activity before fuller GDP data are available.

A quarterly measure of how Armenia's inflation-adjusted economic output changed from the same quarter a year earlier.

A monthly measure of changes in Armenia’s output across major industrial activities, commonly viewed against the same period a year earlier.

Armenia’s year-over-year consumer inflation rate, based on the national Consumer Price Index.

The scheduled decision in which Armenia's central bank sets its policy interest rates and explains the monetary-policy outlook.

A monthly measure of changes in prices received by Armenia’s industrial producers, with the YoY figure comparing a month with the same month a year earlier.

The overnight session driven by Tokyo, Sydney, Hong Kong and Singapore, typically quieter and range-bound.

A Colombian public holiday observed for the Assumption of Mary, relevant to traders because it can affect COP liquidity, settlement and local market hours.

A frequently updated model estimate of current-quarter US real GDP growth.

ATR, or Average True Range, measures the average distance a market travels over a chosen number of periods, including gaps. It is a pure volatility reading with no directional bias. Traders use ATR to set stop distances that respect normal noise, to size positions consistently, and to judge whether current conditions are unusually quiet or unusually fast.

An early monthly survey indicator of combined manufacturing and services activity in Japan.

A monthly survey indicator of conditions across Japan's manufacturing sector.

An early monthly survey of business conditions in Japan's service sector.

Ireland's August Bank Holiday is a public holiday on the first Monday in August that can affect local market operations and liquidity.

An annual underlying-inflation measure derived from Australia’s Consumer Price Index by excluding the most extreme component price movements.

Australia Building Approvals MoM tracks the monthly change in approved building work and is used as a leading indicator for future construction activity.

Australia Building Approvals YoY tracks the annual change in approved dwelling units and is used as an early signal of the housing construction pipeline.

A quarterly ABS measure of the real value of building and engineering construction completed in Australia.

Quarterly change in prices for merchandise exports shipped from Australia, a key terms-of-trade indicator.

Australia Home Loans QoQ measures the quarterly change in new home-loan commitments reported in the ABS Lending Indicators release.

Australia Housing Credit MoM measures the monthly change in outstanding credit used for housing. It shows whether housing-related borrowing is expanding or slowing from one month to the next.

Quarterly change in prices for merchandise imports landed in Australia, used to assess imported inflation pressure.

A monthly measure of the change in the value of goods Australia buys from overseas.

Australia Investment Lending for Homes measures new investor housing loan commitments reported in the ABS Lending Indicators release.

Australia Private Sector Credit tracks growth in credit provided to households and businesses by domestic financial institutions. The MoM version compares with the previous month, while the YoY version compares with the same month a year earlier.

Annual growth in total Australian private-sector credit (housing, personal and business), published by the RBA.

Monthly change in Australian private-sector house approvals, an early signal of housing construction activity.

The RBA meeting minutes are a written record of the central bank’s latest monetary policy discussion. They help explain why policymakers made their interest-rate decision and what risks they considered.

A core inflation measure that removes unusually large price changes from Australia’s Consumer Price Index before calculating the average movement.

An underlying-inflation measure that identifies the weighted midpoint of monthly price changes across Australia’s CPI basket.

Weighted Median CPI is an underlying-inflation measure that focuses on the price change affecting the middle of the household expenditure basket after components are ranked and weighted.

This is an auction of an Austrian Treasury Bill that matures on 2027-01-28. The auction result shows the price or yield at which Austria raised short-term euro funding for that bill.

This is an auction of short-term bills issued by the Republic of Austria. Investors bid for the bills, and the results show the government’s short-term funding cost and demand for the paper.

Mexico Auto Production Year-over-Year tracks the annual percentage change in light-vehicle output reported by INEGI, giving traders a timely view of a key manufacturing and export-linked sector.

A monthly measure of Japanese wage growth based on average cash pay received by regular employees compared with a year earlier.

U.S. Average Hourly Earnings MoM tracks the monthly change in average hourly pay for private nonfarm employees and is a key wage-pressure component of the monthly jobs report.

U.S. Average Hourly Earnings YoY tracks annual growth in average hourly pay for private nonfarm payroll employees and is widely watched as a wage-inflation indicator.